The need and the usage:
Triggers are commonly used to:
• prevent changes (e.g. prevent an invoice from being changed after it's been mailed out)
• log changes (e.g. keep a copy of the old data)
• audit changes (e.g. keep a log of the users and roles involved in changes)
• enhance changes (e.g. ensure that every change to a record is time-stamped by the server's clock, not the client's)
• enforce business rules (e.g. require that every invoice have at least one line item)
• execute business rules (e.g. notify a manager every time an employee's bank account number changes)
• replicate data (e.g. store a record of every change, to be shipped to another database later)
• enhance performance (e.g. update the account balance after every detail transaction, for faster queries)
Some systems also support non-data triggers, which fire in response to Data Definition Language (DDL) events such as creating tables, or runtime events such as logon, commit, and rollback, and may also be used for auditing purposes.
The major features of database triggers, and their effects, are:
• do not accept parameters or arguments (but may store affected-data in temporary tables)
• cannot perform commit or rollback operations because they are part of the triggering SQL statement (only through autonomous transactions)
• can cancel a requested operation
• can cause mutating table errors, if they are poorly written.
DML Triggers:
There are typically three triggering events that cause data triggers to 'fire':
• INSERT event (as a new record is being inserted into the database).
• UPDATE event (as a record is being changed).
• DELETE event (as a record is being deleted).
Structurally, triggers are either "row triggers" or "statement triggers". Row triggers define an action for every row of a table, while statement triggers occur only once per INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement. DML triggers cannot be used to audit data retrieval via SELECT statements, because SELECT is not a triggering event.
Furthermore, there are "BEFORE triggers" and "AFTER triggers" which run in addition to any changes already being made to the database, and "INSTEAD OF trigger" which fully replace the database's normal activity.
Triggers do not accept parameters, but they do receive information in the form of implicit variables. For row-level triggers, these are generally OLD and NEW variables, each of which have fields corresponding to the columns of the affected table or view; for statement-level triggers, something like SQL Server's Inserted and Deleted tables may be provided so the trigger can see all the changes being made.
For data triggers, the general order of operations will be as follows:
1. a statement requests changes on a row: OLD represents the row as it was before the change (or is all-null for inserted rows), NEW represents the row after the changes (or is all-null for deleted rows)
2. each statement-level BEFORE trigger is fired
3. each row-level BEFORE trigger fires, and can modify NEW (but not OLD); each trigger can see NEW as modified by its predecessor, they are chained together
4. if an INSTEAD OF trigger is defined, it is run using OLD and NEW as available at this point
5. if no INSTEAD OF trigger is defined, the database modifies the row according to its normal logic; for updatable views, this may involve modifying one or more other tables to achieve the desired effect; if a view is not updatable, and no INSTEAD OF trigger is provided, an error is raised
6. each row-level AFTER trigger fires, and is given NEW and OLD, but its changes to NEW are either disallowed or disregarded
7. each statement-level AFTER trigger is fired
8. implied triggers are fired, such as referential actions in support of foreign key constraints: on-update or on-delete CASCADE, SET NULL, and SET DEFAULT rules
In ACID databases, an exception raised in a trigger will cause the entire stack of operations to be rolled back, including the original statement.
**************************************************
Triggers in Oracle:
Schema-level triggers
• After Creation
• Before Alter
• After Alter
• Before Drop
• After Drop
• Before Logoff
• After Logon
The two main types of triggers are:
1. Row Level Trigger
2. Statement Level Trigger
**************************************************
Triggers in Microsoft SQL Server:
DDL Triggers:
• Drop table
• Create table
• Alter table
• Login events
**************************************************
Triggers in Firebird:
• CONNECT (exceptions raised here prevent the connection from completing)
• DISCONNECT
• TRANSACTION START
• TRANSACTION COMMIT (exceptions raised here prevent the transaction from committing, or preparing if a two-phase commit is involved)
• TRANSACTION ROLLBACK
**************************************************
Triggers in MySQL:
• Insert Trigger
• Update Trigger
• Delete Trigger
***************************************************
If you have any suggestion plese make .... :)
Sunday, January 30, 2011
Saturday, September 11, 2010
Minimize download time in case of applet
To minimize download time,
Applets are usually delivered in a form of compressed zip archive (having jar extension). If all needed classes (only one in our case) are placed in compressed archive example.jar, the embedding code would look differently:
Applets are usually delivered in a form of compressed zip archive (having jar extension). If all needed classes (only one in our case) are placed in compressed archive example.jar, the embedding code would look differently:
Here it is:
Thursday, March 11, 2010
Difference between Interface and Abstract Class
When To Use Interfaces
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
An interface allows somebody to start from scratch to implement your interface or implement your interface in some other code whose original or primary purpose was quite different from your interface. To them, your interface is only incidental, something that have to add on to the their code to be able to use your package.
When To Use Abstract classes
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
An abstract class, in contrast, provides more structure. It usually defines some default implementations and provides some tools useful for a full implementation. The catch is, code using it must use your class as the base. That may be highly inconvenient if the other programmers wanting to use your package have already developed their own class hierarchy independently. In Java, a class can inherit from only one base class.
When to Use Both
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You can offer the best of both worlds, an interface and an abstract class. Implementors can ignore your abstract class if they choose. The only drawback of doing that is calling methods via their interface name is slightly slower than calling them via their abstract class name.
Interfaces vs Abstract Classes
------------------------------
1> :multiple inheritance-interface: A class may implement several interfaces.
abstract class :A class may extend only one abstract class.
=======================================================================
***********************************************************************
=======================================================================
2 :default implementation-interface: An interface cannot provide any code at all, much less default code.
abstract class: An abstract class can provide complete code, default code, and/or just stubs that have to be overridden.
=======================================================================
***********************************************************************
=======================================================================
3 :constants-interface: Static final constants only, can use them without qualification in classes that implement the interface. On the other paw, these unqualified names pollute the namespace. You can use them and it is not obvious where they are coming from since the qualification is optional.
abstract class: Both instance and static constants are possible. Both static and instance intialiser code are also possible to compute the constants.
========================================================================
***********************************************************************
========================================================================
4 :third party convenience-interface: An interface implementation may be added to any existing third party class.
abstract class: A third party class must be rewritten to extend only from the abstract class.
=======================================================================
***********************************************************************
=======================================================================
5 :plug-in-interface: You can write a new replacement module for an interface that contains not one stick of code in common with the existing implementations. When you implement the interface, you start from scratch without any default implementation. You have to obtain your tools from other classes; nothing comes with the interface other than a few constants. This gives you freedom to implement a radically different internal design.
abstract class: You must use the abstract class as-is for the code base, with all its attendant baggage, good or bad. The abstract class author has imposed structure on you. Depending on the cleverness of the author of the abstract class, this may be good or bad.
==========================================================================
************************************************************************
=========================================================================
6 :adding functionality-interface: If you add a new method to an interface, you must track down all implementations of that interface in the universe and provide them with a concrete implementation of that method.
abstract class: If you add a new method to an abstract class, you have the option of providing a default implementation of it. Then all existing code will continue to work without change.
______________________________________________________________________________
*********************************************************************************** ================ Important =================
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
An interface allows somebody to start from scratch to implement your interface or implement your interface in some other code whose original or primary purpose was quite different from your interface. To them, your interface is only incidental, something that have to add on to the their code to be able to use your package.
When To Use Abstract classes
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
An abstract class, in contrast, provides more structure. It usually defines some default implementations and provides some tools useful for a full implementation. The catch is, code using it must use your class as the base. That may be highly inconvenient if the other programmers wanting to use your package have already developed their own class hierarchy independently. In Java, a class can inherit from only one base class.
When to Use Both
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You can offer the best of both worlds, an interface and an abstract class. Implementors can ignore your abstract class if they choose. The only drawback of doing that is calling methods via their interface name is slightly slower than calling them via their abstract class name.
Interfaces vs Abstract Classes
------------------------------
1> :multiple inheritance-interface: A class may implement several interfaces.
abstract class :A class may extend only one abstract class.
=======================================================================
***********************************************************************
=======================================================================
2 :default implementation-interface: An interface cannot provide any code at all, much less default code.
abstract class: An abstract class can provide complete code, default code, and/or just stubs that have to be overridden.
=======================================================================
***********************************************************************
=======================================================================
3 :constants-interface: Static final constants only, can use them without qualification in classes that implement the interface. On the other paw, these unqualified names pollute the namespace. You can use them and it is not obvious where they are coming from since the qualification is optional.
abstract class: Both instance and static constants are possible. Both static and instance intialiser code are also possible to compute the constants.
========================================================================
***********************************************************************
========================================================================
4 :third party convenience-interface: An interface implementation may be added to any existing third party class.
abstract class: A third party class must be rewritten to extend only from the abstract class.
=======================================================================
***********************************************************************
=======================================================================
5 :plug-in-interface: You can write a new replacement module for an interface that contains not one stick of code in common with the existing implementations. When you implement the interface, you start from scratch without any default implementation. You have to obtain your tools from other classes; nothing comes with the interface other than a few constants. This gives you freedom to implement a radically different internal design.
abstract class: You must use the abstract class as-is for the code base, with all its attendant baggage, good or bad. The abstract class author has imposed structure on you. Depending on the cleverness of the author of the abstract class, this may be good or bad.
==========================================================================
************************************************************************
=========================================================================
6 :adding functionality-interface: If you add a new method to an interface, you must track down all implementations of that interface in the universe and provide them with a concrete implementation of that method.
abstract class: If you add a new method to an abstract class, you have the option of providing a default implementation of it. Then all existing code will continue to work without change.
______________________________________________________________________________
*********************************************************************************** ================ Important =================
Recognition of cost of downsizing and layoffs
A study of approximately 100 surplus workforce situations revealed that it would have been more cost effective not to have laid-off workers in 30 percent of the situations and to have laid off fewer workers in 20 percent. Layoffs have been criticized on the grounds that they are sometimes inefficient, relative to other cost-reduction strategies.
A major inefficiency or cost associated with downsizing or layoffs is that a firm’s layoff practices may make it less attractive as a potential employer.
A typical result of downsizing is that another 10 to 15 percent of an organization’s workforce will often quit after layoffs.
The uncertainty of future employment often causes some of the better, more mobile employees to leave.
In addition to bumping costs, there are also severance, administrative, and intangible costs. Intangible costs sometimes involve declines in morale of the remaining workforce and disruption of work group synergy.
Costs of Layoffs
Cost related to “Bumping” less senior employees
• Reduced productivity during Learning Period
• Cost of training employees assigned to other jobs
• Wage supplements for reassignments to jobs receiving Lower compensation
Cost Related to the termination of employees
• Separation payments
• Higher rates for unemployment compensation
• Depletion in the firm’s investments in training employees
Administrative Costs
• HR processing activities
• Clerical expenses
• Cost of conducting medical examination of laid-off employees
• Increased supervisory obligations for managers of reassigned employees
Intangible Cost
• Decline in morale of remaining employees
• Disruption of efficiency in work process
• Higher incidence of Accidents
• Depletion of Goodwill
• Irregular age distribution
• Voluntary turnover prompted by laid off
A major inefficiency or cost associated with downsizing or layoffs is that a firm’s layoff practices may make it less attractive as a potential employer.
A typical result of downsizing is that another 10 to 15 percent of an organization’s workforce will often quit after layoffs.
The uncertainty of future employment often causes some of the better, more mobile employees to leave.
In addition to bumping costs, there are also severance, administrative, and intangible costs. Intangible costs sometimes involve declines in morale of the remaining workforce and disruption of work group synergy.
Costs of Layoffs
Cost related to “Bumping” less senior employees
• Reduced productivity during Learning Period
• Cost of training employees assigned to other jobs
• Wage supplements for reassignments to jobs receiving Lower compensation
Cost Related to the termination of employees
• Separation payments
• Higher rates for unemployment compensation
• Depletion in the firm’s investments in training employees
Administrative Costs
• HR processing activities
• Clerical expenses
• Cost of conducting medical examination of laid-off employees
• Increased supervisory obligations for managers of reassigned employees
Intangible Cost
• Decline in morale of remaining employees
• Disruption of efficiency in work process
• Higher incidence of Accidents
• Depletion of Goodwill
• Irregular age distribution
• Voluntary turnover prompted by laid off
Wednesday, March 10, 2010
Summary of Operators : Computer Languages
Summary of Operators
The following quick reference summarizes the operators supported by the Java programming language.
Simple Assignment Operator
= Simple assignment operator
Arithmetic Operators
+ Additive operator (also used for String concatenation)
- Subtraction operator
* Multiplication operator
/ Division operator
% Remainder operator
Unary Operators
+ Unary plus operator; indicates positive value (numbers are positive without this, however)
- Unary minus operator; negates an expression
++ Increment operator; increments a value by 1
-- Decrement operator; decrements a value by 1
! Logical compliment operator; inverts the value of a boolean
Equality and Relational Operators
== Equal to
!= Not equal to
> Greater than
>= Greater than or equal to
< Less than <= Less than or equal to Conditional Operators
&& Conditional-AND
|| Conditional-OR
?: Ternary (shorthand for if-then-else statement)
Type Comparison Operator
instanceof Compares an object to a specified type
Bitwise and Bit Shift Operators
~ Unary bitwise complement
<< Signed left shift >> Signed right shift
>>> Unsigned right shift
& Bitwise AND
^ Bitwise exclusive OR
| Bitwise inclusive OR
Wednesday, February 3, 2010
General Knowledge
Business General Awareness Paper 1
1. Very often we see in the advertisements published by Financing Institutes/Agencies stating that their products are given high or average Ratings. These Rating Agencies classify bonds/investments in how many categories ?
1. Low Risk
2. Average Risk
3. High Risk
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (D)
2. As per the reports published in various newspapers/journals etc. the economic map of the world is being redesigned. What is/are the new emerging trends of this new economic map of the world ?
1. With India and Asia at the forefront the centre of economic gravity has shifted to East.
2. Emerging markets, with India among the leaders, are growing faster than old established markets.
3. Central banks of the countries have recognized that case-by-case liquidity solutions are not the answers and a market wide and globally synchronized approach is needed to solve the present crisis.
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (A)
3. As per the decision taken by the Govt. of India, the exporters of which of the following products to USA and European countries will get an incentive of 2% on their exports ?
1. Leather goods
2. Garments
3. Software
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) Both 1 and 2 only
(E) All 1, 2 and 3
Ans : (D)
4. Which of the following is/are the key features of Indian Economy which were highlighted during the presentation of the Interim Budget 2009-10 ?
1. Despite global financial crisis the GDP growth rate in current financial year has been 7•1 per cent.
2. Indian economy was adjudged as second fastest growing economy in the world
3. A provision of Rs. 100 crores is made in the annual plan 2009-10 for setting up Unique Identification Authority of India.
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (D)
5. Many a times we read a term in financial news papers ‘SEPA’. What is the full form of the term ?
(A) Single Exchange Processing Agency
(B) Single Euro Payments Area
(C) Single Electronic Processing Agency
(D) Super Electronic Purchase Agency
(E) None of these
Ans : (B)
6. As per the newly launched ‘Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme’ a monthly pension will be given to the widows. What will be the amount of the pension ?
(A) Rs. 200
(B) Rs. 400
(C) Rs. 600
(D) Rs. 800
(E) None of these
Ans : (A)
7. As per the decision taken by the Govt. of India all the Public Sector Banks (PSBs) will be recapitalised over the next two years so that they can maintain a Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) of ……….
(A) 9% (B) 12%
(C) 11% (D) 22%
(E) None of these
Ans : (B)
8. As per the Industrial Development Report 2009 India’s rank in Industrial Development was 54 on the Development Index. Which of the following organizations/agencies compiles Industrial Development Index of the world ?
(A) International Labour Organisation
(B) United Nations’ Industrial Development Organisation
(C) World Bank
(D) World Trade Organisation
(E) The Economic and Social Council of UNO
Ans : (B)
9. As per the news published in major news papers/magazines the International Finance Corporation has offered a loan for providing clean drinking water to 30 lakhs people in rural India. What is the amount of the loan ?
(A) 5 million US $ (B) 10 million US $
(C) 15 million US $ (D) 20 million US $
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)
10. The merger of which of the following two Indian companies took place in recent past which is termed as “Largest ever merger in India’s Corporate History” ?
(A) Nuclear Power Corporation and National Thermal Power Corporation
(B) State Bank of India and its seven associate banks
(C) Hind Aluminium Company and Century Mills
(D) Tata Motors and Ashok Leyland
(E) Reliance Industries and Reliance Petroleum Ltd.
Ans : (E)
11. As per the agreements signed by the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd. (NPCL) and National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) a joint Venture will be launched for setting up various Nuclear Power Plants in India. If this is materialized all these establishments will be required to function necessarily under the framework of which of the following existing acts ?
1. Industrial Disputes Act
2. Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act
3. Atomic Energy Act
(A) Only 1 (B) Only 2
(C) Only 3 (D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)
12. As we all know more and more countries/organizations are now going for Non-Cash Transactions and accordingly Banks have launched many new products in the market for the same. Which of the following products is a non-cash transaction product ?
(A) Only ATM Card (B) Only Credit Card
(C) Only Prepaid Card (D) Only Debit Card
(E) All are non-cash transaction products
Ans : (E)
13. The Prime Minister of India while addressing a meeting of top industrialists of India in March 2009 advised the RBI to further cut interest rates. Which of the following is/are the reasons owing to which the Prime Minister who himself is an economist gave this advise to RBI ?
1. All major economies of the world are passing through a crisis situation. Prime Minister wants RBI to take preventive measures to save Indian economy.
2. In India ample liquidity is available in the market but there are no takers.
3. Inflation is at a comparatively low level at present in the country
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Both 2 and 3 only
(D) Only 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (A)
14. As per the reports published in the newspapers India has signed an agreement to supply its Dhruv Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) to ……….
(A) Mauritius (B) Bangladesh
(C) Nepal (D) Zimbabwe
(E) Vietnam
Ans : (A)
15. Which of the following is/are TRUE about the present situation of Sugar Market in India which has undergone a dramatic change in last 12 months ?
1. From being a major exporter of sugar, India is desperately looking for imports today to meet its domestic needs.
2. Domestic prices have spurted by 60-70 per cent with no sign of respite.
3. The present situation is largely due to sharp contraction in cane acreage in the country.
(A) Only 1 (B) Only 2
(C) Only 3 (D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (D)
16. As per the recent reports, the per capita Income of the country has gone up during 2008-09. What is the per capita income at present ?
(A) Rs. 15,000 (B) Rs. 33,000
(C) Rs. 40,000 (D) Rs. 23,000
(E) Rs. 53,000
Ans : (C)
17. A major Financial Newspaper while writing about the present status of economy in India wrote “the outlook in the agricultural sector gives room for optimism”. What does it really mean ?
[Pick up most appropriate statement(s)]
1. Agricultural Sector which was not playing any significant role in Indian economy is now growing very fast and significantly.
2. Agricultural sector is not going to play any major role in economy as its progress is still very slow.
3. Govt. will not require to provide any boost up package to agricultural sector as it is likely to be satisfactory this year.
(A) Only 1 (B) Only 2
(C) Only 3 (D) Either 1 or 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)
18. While addressing a conference of Bankers and top Industrialists, the Prime Minister made a statement that “Domestic Credit Flow for Productive Needs had to be maintained at a reasonable Cost”. What does it really mean ?
(Pick up the most appropriate statements).
1. Banks should further raise their deposit base and provide very low cost credit to Industry which is badly in need of the same.
2. Banks should neither reduce their lending rates further nor increase the rates on deposits as this may create a critical imbalance in the financial/money market of the country.
3. Banks should see that ample credit is provided to the industries at an affordable cost without diluting the credit norms.
(A) Only 1 (B) Only 2
(C) Only 3 (D) Both 1 and 2 only
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)
19. A major financial newspaper recently published a report wherein it is said that “the Govt. was aware of the problems in certain sectors, particularly where Export Dependence was High.’ Keeping general trend of India’s present economic situation in mind how would you interpret the above statement ?
[Pick up the most appropriate statement(s)].
1. The industry which produces mainly for export purposes is not doing well at present and needs Govt. support.
2. The industry which imports raw material and exports processed goods is in very bad shape these days. Govt. wishes to help them so that they can come out of it.
3. Indian exports were never in comfortable situations and this year they are in their worst situation. Govt. knows it but cannot help.
(A) Only 1 (B) Only 2
(C) Only 3 (D) Both 1 and 3 only
(E) None of these
Ans : (A)
20. Who amongst the following is an Economist of international fame and was in news recently ?
(A) John Key (B) Paul Krugman
(C) Nicolas Sarkozy (D) Mohamed Elbaradei
(E) Mohamed Nasheed
Ans : (B)
21. Which of the following taxes is not levied by the Union Govt. ?
(A) Customs (B) Corporate Tax
(C) Land Revenue (D) Income Tax
(E) Surcharge on Income Tax
Ans : (C)
22. Service Tax was introduced in India for the first time in the year ……….
(A) 1990-91 (B) 1991-92
(C) 1994-95 (D) 1980-81
(E) 2000-01
Ans : (C)
23. Which of the following countries launched world’s first satellite for monitoring Greenhouse Gases ?
(A) USA (B) Britain
(C) Japan (D) China
(E) India
Ans : (C)
24. Which of the following countries launched its indigenous Satellite ‘Omid’ in February 2009 ?
(A) Spain (B) Australia
(C) Turkey (D) China
(E) Iran
Ans : (E)
25. The Govt. of India allowed the Income Tax Department to set up its centralized IT processing centre in ……….
(A) Bangalore (B) Chennai
(C) Mumbai (D) Kolkata
(E) Hyderabad
Ans : (A)
1. Very often we see in the advertisements published by Financing Institutes/Agencies stating that their products are given high or average Ratings. These Rating Agencies classify bonds/investments in how many categories ?
1. Low Risk
2. Average Risk
3. High Risk
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (D)
2. As per the reports published in various newspapers/journals etc. the economic map of the world is being redesigned. What is/are the new emerging trends of this new economic map of the world ?
1. With India and Asia at the forefront the centre of economic gravity has shifted to East.
2. Emerging markets, with India among the leaders, are growing faster than old established markets.
3. Central banks of the countries have recognized that case-by-case liquidity solutions are not the answers and a market wide and globally synchronized approach is needed to solve the present crisis.
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (A)
3. As per the decision taken by the Govt. of India, the exporters of which of the following products to USA and European countries will get an incentive of 2% on their exports ?
1. Leather goods
2. Garments
3. Software
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) Both 1 and 2 only
(E) All 1, 2 and 3
Ans : (D)
4. Which of the following is/are the key features of Indian Economy which were highlighted during the presentation of the Interim Budget 2009-10 ?
1. Despite global financial crisis the GDP growth rate in current financial year has been 7•1 per cent.
2. Indian economy was adjudged as second fastest growing economy in the world
3. A provision of Rs. 100 crores is made in the annual plan 2009-10 for setting up Unique Identification Authority of India.
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (D)
5. Many a times we read a term in financial news papers ‘SEPA’. What is the full form of the term ?
(A) Single Exchange Processing Agency
(B) Single Euro Payments Area
(C) Single Electronic Processing Agency
(D) Super Electronic Purchase Agency
(E) None of these
Ans : (B)
6. As per the newly launched ‘Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme’ a monthly pension will be given to the widows. What will be the amount of the pension ?
(A) Rs. 200
(B) Rs. 400
(C) Rs. 600
(D) Rs. 800
(E) None of these
Ans : (A)
7. As per the decision taken by the Govt. of India all the Public Sector Banks (PSBs) will be recapitalised over the next two years so that they can maintain a Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) of ……….
(A) 9% (B) 12%
(C) 11% (D) 22%
(E) None of these
Ans : (B)
8. As per the Industrial Development Report 2009 India’s rank in Industrial Development was 54 on the Development Index. Which of the following organizations/agencies compiles Industrial Development Index of the world ?
(A) International Labour Organisation
(B) United Nations’ Industrial Development Organisation
(C) World Bank
(D) World Trade Organisation
(E) The Economic and Social Council of UNO
Ans : (B)
9. As per the news published in major news papers/magazines the International Finance Corporation has offered a loan for providing clean drinking water to 30 lakhs people in rural India. What is the amount of the loan ?
(A) 5 million US $ (B) 10 million US $
(C) 15 million US $ (D) 20 million US $
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)
10. The merger of which of the following two Indian companies took place in recent past which is termed as “Largest ever merger in India’s Corporate History” ?
(A) Nuclear Power Corporation and National Thermal Power Corporation
(B) State Bank of India and its seven associate banks
(C) Hind Aluminium Company and Century Mills
(D) Tata Motors and Ashok Leyland
(E) Reliance Industries and Reliance Petroleum Ltd.
Ans : (E)
11. As per the agreements signed by the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd. (NPCL) and National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) a joint Venture will be launched for setting up various Nuclear Power Plants in India. If this is materialized all these establishments will be required to function necessarily under the framework of which of the following existing acts ?
1. Industrial Disputes Act
2. Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act
3. Atomic Energy Act
(A) Only 1 (B) Only 2
(C) Only 3 (D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)
12. As we all know more and more countries/organizations are now going for Non-Cash Transactions and accordingly Banks have launched many new products in the market for the same. Which of the following products is a non-cash transaction product ?
(A) Only ATM Card (B) Only Credit Card
(C) Only Prepaid Card (D) Only Debit Card
(E) All are non-cash transaction products
Ans : (E)
13. The Prime Minister of India while addressing a meeting of top industrialists of India in March 2009 advised the RBI to further cut interest rates. Which of the following is/are the reasons owing to which the Prime Minister who himself is an economist gave this advise to RBI ?
1. All major economies of the world are passing through a crisis situation. Prime Minister wants RBI to take preventive measures to save Indian economy.
2. In India ample liquidity is available in the market but there are no takers.
3. Inflation is at a comparatively low level at present in the country
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Both 2 and 3 only
(D) Only 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (A)
14. As per the reports published in the newspapers India has signed an agreement to supply its Dhruv Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) to ……….
(A) Mauritius (B) Bangladesh
(C) Nepal (D) Zimbabwe
(E) Vietnam
Ans : (A)
15. Which of the following is/are TRUE about the present situation of Sugar Market in India which has undergone a dramatic change in last 12 months ?
1. From being a major exporter of sugar, India is desperately looking for imports today to meet its domestic needs.
2. Domestic prices have spurted by 60-70 per cent with no sign of respite.
3. The present situation is largely due to sharp contraction in cane acreage in the country.
(A) Only 1 (B) Only 2
(C) Only 3 (D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (D)
16. As per the recent reports, the per capita Income of the country has gone up during 2008-09. What is the per capita income at present ?
(A) Rs. 15,000 (B) Rs. 33,000
(C) Rs. 40,000 (D) Rs. 23,000
(E) Rs. 53,000
Ans : (C)
17. A major Financial Newspaper while writing about the present status of economy in India wrote “the outlook in the agricultural sector gives room for optimism”. What does it really mean ?
[Pick up most appropriate statement(s)]
1. Agricultural Sector which was not playing any significant role in Indian economy is now growing very fast and significantly.
2. Agricultural sector is not going to play any major role in economy as its progress is still very slow.
3. Govt. will not require to provide any boost up package to agricultural sector as it is likely to be satisfactory this year.
(A) Only 1 (B) Only 2
(C) Only 3 (D) Either 1 or 3
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)
18. While addressing a conference of Bankers and top Industrialists, the Prime Minister made a statement that “Domestic Credit Flow for Productive Needs had to be maintained at a reasonable Cost”. What does it really mean ?
(Pick up the most appropriate statements).
1. Banks should further raise their deposit base and provide very low cost credit to Industry which is badly in need of the same.
2. Banks should neither reduce their lending rates further nor increase the rates on deposits as this may create a critical imbalance in the financial/money market of the country.
3. Banks should see that ample credit is provided to the industries at an affordable cost without diluting the credit norms.
(A) Only 1 (B) Only 2
(C) Only 3 (D) Both 1 and 2 only
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)
19. A major financial newspaper recently published a report wherein it is said that “the Govt. was aware of the problems in certain sectors, particularly where Export Dependence was High.’ Keeping general trend of India’s present economic situation in mind how would you interpret the above statement ?
[Pick up the most appropriate statement(s)].
1. The industry which produces mainly for export purposes is not doing well at present and needs Govt. support.
2. The industry which imports raw material and exports processed goods is in very bad shape these days. Govt. wishes to help them so that they can come out of it.
3. Indian exports were never in comfortable situations and this year they are in their worst situation. Govt. knows it but cannot help.
(A) Only 1 (B) Only 2
(C) Only 3 (D) Both 1 and 3 only
(E) None of these
Ans : (A)
20. Who amongst the following is an Economist of international fame and was in news recently ?
(A) John Key (B) Paul Krugman
(C) Nicolas Sarkozy (D) Mohamed Elbaradei
(E) Mohamed Nasheed
Ans : (B)
21. Which of the following taxes is not levied by the Union Govt. ?
(A) Customs (B) Corporate Tax
(C) Land Revenue (D) Income Tax
(E) Surcharge on Income Tax
Ans : (C)
22. Service Tax was introduced in India for the first time in the year ……….
(A) 1990-91 (B) 1991-92
(C) 1994-95 (D) 1980-81
(E) 2000-01
Ans : (C)
23. Which of the following countries launched world’s first satellite for monitoring Greenhouse Gases ?
(A) USA (B) Britain
(C) Japan (D) China
(E) India
Ans : (C)
24. Which of the following countries launched its indigenous Satellite ‘Omid’ in February 2009 ?
(A) Spain (B) Australia
(C) Turkey (D) China
(E) Iran
Ans : (E)
25. The Govt. of India allowed the Income Tax Department to set up its centralized IT processing centre in ……….
(A) Bangalore (B) Chennai
(C) Mumbai (D) Kolkata
(E) Hyderabad
Ans : (A)
सामान्य ज्ञान
1.कौन सी पुस्तक सर्वाधिक बिकने वाली पुस्तक मानी जाती है ?
(अ) दि कंसाइज ऑक्सफोर्ड डिक्शनरी
(ब) दि ऑक्सफोर्ड एडवांस्ड लर्नर्स डिक्शनरी
(स) दि गिनीस बुक ऑफ रिकॉर्ड्स
(द) बार्थोलॉम्युज स्कूल एटलस
2.पूर्वी सभ्यता में लिखे अनेक नाटकों में संस्कृत के नाटक सबसे पुराने हैं। 1500 ई.पू. नाटक विधा चरम पर थी। निम्नलिखित में से पहला नाटककार कौन था ?
(अ) भवभूति
(ब) कालिदास
(स) बाण
(द) भास
3.सिपाहियों के विद्रोह को लेकर लिखे गए अनेक उपन्यासों में से एक ‘दि सीज ऑफ कृष्णपुर’ किसने लिखा ?
(अ) जे.जी. फॉरेल
(ब) एम.एम. केय
(स) जॉन मास्टर्स
(द) पॉस स्कॉट
4.नगर निगम के करों से सहायता पानेवाला विश्व का सबसे पुराना सार्वजनिक पुस्तकालय कौन सा है ?
(अ) बिब्लियोथेक नेशनल, पेरिस
(ब) द ब्रिटिश म्यूजियम
(स) न्यूयॉर्क पब्लिक लाइब्रेरी
(द) बोस्टन पब्लिक लाइब्रेरी
5.प्रथम ‘भारतीय ज्ञानपीठ पुरस्कार’ किसे दिया गया ?
(अ) महादेवी वर्मा (हिंदी)
(ब) उमाशंकर जोशी (गुजराती)
(स) का.ना. सुब्रह्मण्यम (तमिल)
(द) जी. शंकर कुरुप (मलयालम)
6.पुस्तक प्रकाशन में ‘सर्वाधिकार’ (Copy Right) पर लेखक का नियंत्रण होता है। यह अधिकार कब तक रहता है ?
(अ) उसकी मृत्यु के बाद पचास वर्षों तक
(ब) प्रकाशन की तारीख से पचास वर्षों तक
(स) लेखक की मृत्यु के बाद पचहत्तर वर्षों तक
(द) लेखक की मृत्यु के बाद पचास वर्ष या प्रकाशन की तारीख से पचास वर्ष तक, इसमें जो भी बाद में हो
7.हिन्दी के अतिरिक्त और कौन सी भाषा देवनागरी लिपि में लिखी जाती है ?
(अ) तमिल
(ब) पंजाबी
(स) मराठी
(द) बँगला
8.साहित्य के क्षेत्र में पहली बार नोबेल पुरस्कार सन् 1901 में किसे प्रदान किया गया ?
(अ) जॉर्ज बर्नाडे शॉ
(ब) एच.वी. वेल्स
(स) लियो टॉल्सटाय
(द) आर.एफ.ए. सूली-प्रुधोम्मे
9.निम्नलिखित में से किस लेखक की रचनाएँ विश्व की अनेक भाषाओं में अनेक बार अनूदित की गईं ?
(अ) शेक्सपियर
(ब) चार्ल्स डिकेंस
(स) वी.आई.लेनिन
(द) हेंस क्रिस्टनी एंडरसन
10.वियतनाम युद्ध के दौरान पूर्व वियतनाम का ‘दा नांग’ शहर काफी चर्चित रहा। क्यों ?
(अ) यहाँ पर सरकार की टुकड़ियों और वियत कांग के बीच बार-बार मुठभेड़ होती थी।
(ब) अमेरिकी सैनिक यहाँ आकर विश्राम और मौज-मस्ती करते थे।
(स) यह पहला प्रमुख वियतनामी शहर था, जो वियत कांग के कब्जे में आया था।
(द) यहाँ पर संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका का बहुत बड़ा सैन्य अड्डा था।
11.पुस्तक विक्रेता फर्म का कोई कर्मचारी उपन्यासकार की ख्याति पर गहन रूप से विचार करता था। उसने जाना की सभी उपन्यास निश्चित फॉर्मूले पर लिखे जाते हैं। जब उसने भी अपने फॉर्मूले तय किए तो अपनी नौकरी छोड़ दी। अब वह उपन्यास लिखने लगा। बाद में चलकर वह ‘बेस्ट सेलर’ बन गया। यह लेखक कौन था ?
(अ) चार्ल्स विल्किंस
(ब) सर विलियम जोन्स
(स) एच.एच. विल्सन
(द) हेनरी कोलब्रुक
12. भारत का सबसे पुराना ‘बुक स्टॉल’ कौन सा है ?
(अ) न्यूमैंस, कोलकाता
(ब) हिग्नीबॉथम्स, चेन्नई
(स) द स्ट्रैंड, मुंबई
(द) दासगुप्ता एंड कंपनी, कोलकाता
13.फलित ज्योतिष विद्या पर भारत का प्राचीनतम् शोधग्रंथ कौन सा है ?
(अ) भास्कराचार्य का ‘गणिताध्याय’
(ब) अज्ञात लेखक का ‘सूर्यसिद्धांत’
(स) वराहमिहिर की ‘बृहत्संहिता’
(द) वराहमिहिर की ‘पंचसिद्धांतिकी’
14.साहित्य अकादेमी में मानक सदस्य ऑनरेरी फेलो होता है। सन् 1990 तक इसमें केवल एक ही विदेशी फेलों था, जो एक प्रतिष्ठित कवि था। उसका क्या नाम था ?
(अ) गुंटर ग्रास
(ब) ब्रियन पैटन
(स) लियोपॉल्ड सेडर सैंगर
(द) जोसेफ ब्रास्की
15.भारत में जनमे रुड्यार्ड किपलिंग ने जंगल की अनेक कहानियाँ लिखी हैं। वह कौन सा क्षेत्र था, जिसका चित्रण इन कहानियों में हुआ है ?
(अ) सुंदर वन
(ब) रणथंभौर
(स) कान्हा
(द) कुमाऊँ
16.भारत का राष्ट्रगान किसने लिखा ?
(अ) सुमित्रानंदन पंत
(ब) बंकिमचन्द्र चट्टोपाध्याय
(स) महादेवी वर्मा
(द) रवीन्द्रनाथ टैगोर
17.संस्कृत नाटकों में हँसमुख तथा पेटू मात्र ‘विदूषक’ की विशिष्ट जाति कौन सी होती है ?
(अ) ब्राह्मण
(ब) क्षत्रिय
(स) वैश्य
(द) शूद्र
18.बहुत कम लोगों को राष्ट्रीय स्तर के दो प्रमुख साहित्यिक पुरस्कार मिले हैं। उस उड़ियाँ साहित्कार का नाम बताएँ, जिन्हें साहित्यिक अकादेमी और भारतीय ज्ञानपीठ पुरस्कार दोनों से नवाजा गया।
(अ) बीरेन्द्र कुमार भट्टाचार्य
(ब) हीरेन गोहाईं
(स) चंद्रकांत गोगोई
(द) हितेश डेका
19.पहला विश्वकोश (एनसाइक्लोपीड़िया) किसने लिखा ?
(अ) विंसेंट ऑफ ब्यूवेइस : मिरर ऑफ द वर्ल्ड
(ब) इफ्राइम चैंबर्स : साइक्लोपीडिया
(स) लिनी द एल्डर : नैचुरल हिस्ट्री
(द) डिडरॉट और अन्य : एनसाइक्लोपाडिया
20.दस राजकुमारों की कथाओं के संग्रह ‘दशकुमारचरित’ का रचयिता कौन है ?
(अ) बाण
(ब) दंडिन
(स) सुबंधु
(द) कालिदास
21.अंग्रेजी भाषा के लिए सबसे पहले साहित्य अकादेमी पुरस्कार किसे दिया गया था ?
(अ) खुशवंत सिंह
(ब) आर.के. नारायण
(स) राजा राव
(द) ए.के. रामानुजन
22.तमिलभाषी जनसमुदाय का महाकाव्य ‘रामायणम्’ किसने लिखा ?
(अ) अज्ञात
(ब) कंबन
(स) तिरुतक्कदेवर
(द) अवैयूर
23.अंग्रेजी की प्रसिद्ध कविता ‘टिंवकल टिंवकल लिटिल स्टार’ के रचियता कौन थे ?
(अ) ऐन टेलर
(ब) जेन टेलर
(स) ऐन और जेन टेलर
(द) लेविस कैरोल
24.हिन्दी के प्रसिद्ध खण्डकाव्य ‘मधुशाला’ के रचियता कौन हैं ?
(अ) मैथिलीशरण गुप्त
(ब) हरिवंशराय ‘बच्चन’
(स) महादेवी वर्मा
(द) जयशंकर प्रसाद
25.मूल संस्कृत से अंग्रेजी में सबसे पहले (1784 में) ‘भगवद्गीता’ का अनुवाद किसने किया ?
(अ) सबर विलियम जोंस
(ब) चार्ल्स विल्किंस
(स) हेनरी कोलब्रूक
(द) हॉरेस हेमैन विल्सन
26.भारत की प्राचीनतम लिपि कौन सी है ?
(अ) ब्राह्मी
(ब) खरोष्ठी
(स) ग्रंथ
(द) देवनागरी
27.विश्व में पुस्तक प्रकाशन के क्षेत्र में भारत को कौन सा स्थान प्राप्त है ?
(अ) तीसरा
(ब) चौथा
(स) छठा
(द) सातवाँ
28.कालिदास के महाकाव्य ‘मेघदूत’ में वर्णित रामगिरि आज कहाँ पर स्थित है ?
(अ) उत्तर प्रदेश में
(ब) मध्य प्रदेश में
(स) हिमाचल प्रदेश में
(द) उड़ीसा में
29.भारतीय ज्ञानपीठ के संस्थापक कौन थे ?
(अ) लाला श्रीराम
(ब) साहू एस.पी. जैन
(स) जी.डी.बिरला
(द) जे आर.डी. टाटा
30.नेशनल बुक ट्रस्ट की स्थापना कब हुई थी ?
(अ) सन् 1949
(ब) सन् 1953
(स) सन् 1957
(द) सन् 1961
(अ) दि कंसाइज ऑक्सफोर्ड डिक्शनरी
(ब) दि ऑक्सफोर्ड एडवांस्ड लर्नर्स डिक्शनरी
(स) दि गिनीस बुक ऑफ रिकॉर्ड्स
(द) बार्थोलॉम्युज स्कूल एटलस
2.पूर्वी सभ्यता में लिखे अनेक नाटकों में संस्कृत के नाटक सबसे पुराने हैं। 1500 ई.पू. नाटक विधा चरम पर थी। निम्नलिखित में से पहला नाटककार कौन था ?
(अ) भवभूति
(ब) कालिदास
(स) बाण
(द) भास
3.सिपाहियों के विद्रोह को लेकर लिखे गए अनेक उपन्यासों में से एक ‘दि सीज ऑफ कृष्णपुर’ किसने लिखा ?
(अ) जे.जी. फॉरेल
(ब) एम.एम. केय
(स) जॉन मास्टर्स
(द) पॉस स्कॉट
4.नगर निगम के करों से सहायता पानेवाला विश्व का सबसे पुराना सार्वजनिक पुस्तकालय कौन सा है ?
(अ) बिब्लियोथेक नेशनल, पेरिस
(ब) द ब्रिटिश म्यूजियम
(स) न्यूयॉर्क पब्लिक लाइब्रेरी
(द) बोस्टन पब्लिक लाइब्रेरी
5.प्रथम ‘भारतीय ज्ञानपीठ पुरस्कार’ किसे दिया गया ?
(अ) महादेवी वर्मा (हिंदी)
(ब) उमाशंकर जोशी (गुजराती)
(स) का.ना. सुब्रह्मण्यम (तमिल)
(द) जी. शंकर कुरुप (मलयालम)
6.पुस्तक प्रकाशन में ‘सर्वाधिकार’ (Copy Right) पर लेखक का नियंत्रण होता है। यह अधिकार कब तक रहता है ?
(अ) उसकी मृत्यु के बाद पचास वर्षों तक
(ब) प्रकाशन की तारीख से पचास वर्षों तक
(स) लेखक की मृत्यु के बाद पचहत्तर वर्षों तक
(द) लेखक की मृत्यु के बाद पचास वर्ष या प्रकाशन की तारीख से पचास वर्ष तक, इसमें जो भी बाद में हो
7.हिन्दी के अतिरिक्त और कौन सी भाषा देवनागरी लिपि में लिखी जाती है ?
(अ) तमिल
(ब) पंजाबी
(स) मराठी
(द) बँगला
8.साहित्य के क्षेत्र में पहली बार नोबेल पुरस्कार सन् 1901 में किसे प्रदान किया गया ?
(अ) जॉर्ज बर्नाडे शॉ
(ब) एच.वी. वेल्स
(स) लियो टॉल्सटाय
(द) आर.एफ.ए. सूली-प्रुधोम्मे
9.निम्नलिखित में से किस लेखक की रचनाएँ विश्व की अनेक भाषाओं में अनेक बार अनूदित की गईं ?
(अ) शेक्सपियर
(ब) चार्ल्स डिकेंस
(स) वी.आई.लेनिन
(द) हेंस क्रिस्टनी एंडरसन
10.वियतनाम युद्ध के दौरान पूर्व वियतनाम का ‘दा नांग’ शहर काफी चर्चित रहा। क्यों ?
(अ) यहाँ पर सरकार की टुकड़ियों और वियत कांग के बीच बार-बार मुठभेड़ होती थी।
(ब) अमेरिकी सैनिक यहाँ आकर विश्राम और मौज-मस्ती करते थे।
(स) यह पहला प्रमुख वियतनामी शहर था, जो वियत कांग के कब्जे में आया था।
(द) यहाँ पर संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका का बहुत बड़ा सैन्य अड्डा था।
11.पुस्तक विक्रेता फर्म का कोई कर्मचारी उपन्यासकार की ख्याति पर गहन रूप से विचार करता था। उसने जाना की सभी उपन्यास निश्चित फॉर्मूले पर लिखे जाते हैं। जब उसने भी अपने फॉर्मूले तय किए तो अपनी नौकरी छोड़ दी। अब वह उपन्यास लिखने लगा। बाद में चलकर वह ‘बेस्ट सेलर’ बन गया। यह लेखक कौन था ?
(अ) चार्ल्स विल्किंस
(ब) सर विलियम जोन्स
(स) एच.एच. विल्सन
(द) हेनरी कोलब्रुक
12. भारत का सबसे पुराना ‘बुक स्टॉल’ कौन सा है ?
(अ) न्यूमैंस, कोलकाता
(ब) हिग्नीबॉथम्स, चेन्नई
(स) द स्ट्रैंड, मुंबई
(द) दासगुप्ता एंड कंपनी, कोलकाता
13.फलित ज्योतिष विद्या पर भारत का प्राचीनतम् शोधग्रंथ कौन सा है ?
(अ) भास्कराचार्य का ‘गणिताध्याय’
(ब) अज्ञात लेखक का ‘सूर्यसिद्धांत’
(स) वराहमिहिर की ‘बृहत्संहिता’
(द) वराहमिहिर की ‘पंचसिद्धांतिकी’
14.साहित्य अकादेमी में मानक सदस्य ऑनरेरी फेलो होता है। सन् 1990 तक इसमें केवल एक ही विदेशी फेलों था, जो एक प्रतिष्ठित कवि था। उसका क्या नाम था ?
(अ) गुंटर ग्रास
(ब) ब्रियन पैटन
(स) लियोपॉल्ड सेडर सैंगर
(द) जोसेफ ब्रास्की
15.भारत में जनमे रुड्यार्ड किपलिंग ने जंगल की अनेक कहानियाँ लिखी हैं। वह कौन सा क्षेत्र था, जिसका चित्रण इन कहानियों में हुआ है ?
(अ) सुंदर वन
(ब) रणथंभौर
(स) कान्हा
(द) कुमाऊँ
16.भारत का राष्ट्रगान किसने लिखा ?
(अ) सुमित्रानंदन पंत
(ब) बंकिमचन्द्र चट्टोपाध्याय
(स) महादेवी वर्मा
(द) रवीन्द्रनाथ टैगोर
17.संस्कृत नाटकों में हँसमुख तथा पेटू मात्र ‘विदूषक’ की विशिष्ट जाति कौन सी होती है ?
(अ) ब्राह्मण
(ब) क्षत्रिय
(स) वैश्य
(द) शूद्र
18.बहुत कम लोगों को राष्ट्रीय स्तर के दो प्रमुख साहित्यिक पुरस्कार मिले हैं। उस उड़ियाँ साहित्कार का नाम बताएँ, जिन्हें साहित्यिक अकादेमी और भारतीय ज्ञानपीठ पुरस्कार दोनों से नवाजा गया।
(अ) बीरेन्द्र कुमार भट्टाचार्य
(ब) हीरेन गोहाईं
(स) चंद्रकांत गोगोई
(द) हितेश डेका
19.पहला विश्वकोश (एनसाइक्लोपीड़िया) किसने लिखा ?
(अ) विंसेंट ऑफ ब्यूवेइस : मिरर ऑफ द वर्ल्ड
(ब) इफ्राइम चैंबर्स : साइक्लोपीडिया
(स) लिनी द एल्डर : नैचुरल हिस्ट्री
(द) डिडरॉट और अन्य : एनसाइक्लोपाडिया
20.दस राजकुमारों की कथाओं के संग्रह ‘दशकुमारचरित’ का रचयिता कौन है ?
(अ) बाण
(ब) दंडिन
(स) सुबंधु
(द) कालिदास
21.अंग्रेजी भाषा के लिए सबसे पहले साहित्य अकादेमी पुरस्कार किसे दिया गया था ?
(अ) खुशवंत सिंह
(ब) आर.के. नारायण
(स) राजा राव
(द) ए.के. रामानुजन
22.तमिलभाषी जनसमुदाय का महाकाव्य ‘रामायणम्’ किसने लिखा ?
(अ) अज्ञात
(ब) कंबन
(स) तिरुतक्कदेवर
(द) अवैयूर
23.अंग्रेजी की प्रसिद्ध कविता ‘टिंवकल टिंवकल लिटिल स्टार’ के रचियता कौन थे ?
(अ) ऐन टेलर
(ब) जेन टेलर
(स) ऐन और जेन टेलर
(द) लेविस कैरोल
24.हिन्दी के प्रसिद्ध खण्डकाव्य ‘मधुशाला’ के रचियता कौन हैं ?
(अ) मैथिलीशरण गुप्त
(ब) हरिवंशराय ‘बच्चन’
(स) महादेवी वर्मा
(द) जयशंकर प्रसाद
25.मूल संस्कृत से अंग्रेजी में सबसे पहले (1784 में) ‘भगवद्गीता’ का अनुवाद किसने किया ?
(अ) सबर विलियम जोंस
(ब) चार्ल्स विल्किंस
(स) हेनरी कोलब्रूक
(द) हॉरेस हेमैन विल्सन
26.भारत की प्राचीनतम लिपि कौन सी है ?
(अ) ब्राह्मी
(ब) खरोष्ठी
(स) ग्रंथ
(द) देवनागरी
27.विश्व में पुस्तक प्रकाशन के क्षेत्र में भारत को कौन सा स्थान प्राप्त है ?
(अ) तीसरा
(ब) चौथा
(स) छठा
(द) सातवाँ
28.कालिदास के महाकाव्य ‘मेघदूत’ में वर्णित रामगिरि आज कहाँ पर स्थित है ?
(अ) उत्तर प्रदेश में
(ब) मध्य प्रदेश में
(स) हिमाचल प्रदेश में
(द) उड़ीसा में
29.भारतीय ज्ञानपीठ के संस्थापक कौन थे ?
(अ) लाला श्रीराम
(ब) साहू एस.पी. जैन
(स) जी.डी.बिरला
(द) जे आर.डी. टाटा
30.नेशनल बुक ट्रस्ट की स्थापना कब हुई थी ?
(अ) सन् 1949
(ब) सन् 1953
(स) सन् 1957
(द) सन् 1961
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